![]() Between 19, 95 of the 101 armed conflicts identified around the world were such internal confrontations (Harris:1998:1). As a result, the frequency and intensity of the volatile internal conflicts are significantly increasing in number around the world. Therefore, while most violent conflicts of the twentieth century were waged between the states, almost all the major conflicts around the world that took place in the 1990s were fought within the state. Poor and developing countries have been found more vulnerable to violent conflicts due to inequality in distribution of resources and opportunities, inadequate service delivery system, injustice to identities and beliefs, ineffective governance and administration, inefficient socio-political transformation and intolerant leadership. But, whenever a state failed to properly address these problems, the latent conflicts turned violent. Since then, the regional, ethnic, linguistic, resource, geo-political, and religious issues began to have more importance. With the end of the Cold War, the international power equation unilaterally shifted towards the USA, which emerged as the world’s only superpower. After World War II, nations got largely divided between the two blocs dominated by the United States of America (USA) and the erstwhile Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
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